Non-conducting pipe-covering.



m? AVAILABLE qpy mi.. s544550.l

l appunti ma Ap. n1, 1900.-," (In Nadal.) v

,NITED STATES,

ANDREW J. ,I-IE'W'LINGS,

lon CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

' NoNcoNDC-TING PIPE-o ovERlNe.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 66419750, dated Januy 1, .1 90i.

Applicants and April 21, 1900.

To k/,Z/ whom it ntf/,y concern..- f

le it known that l', ANDRIIWJ'. IIEWLINGs, a citizen of the United States, residing in Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new `and useful 4Improvements in- Non-Conducting Pipe-4 Coverings, of whichthe fcation.

The object of my invention-is the production of a non-conducting covering for high and low temperature pipesof maximum'strength following isa speciand durability, economical to manufacture,

and such that it may utilize lith maximum edectiveness such non conductors as air# spaces more orless strictlyconned, and the various nou-conducting materials especially p available for the commercial manufacture of non-conducting coverings for steam, ho tair, gas, water, and'other pipes and conduits.

My inventioncous'ists, primarily, in' multiple separate or separablev and individual vsegmental units made of suitable pliable'paper or -felt materials, non-conducting material, each an angular tube and conformed tothe curvature of the su rfaee tobe protected, each sealed or unse'aled at theends,-eachconstitut ing either an individual air-space or an individual receptacle for non-conducting materials, all arranged and assembl'ed'inone or more layers, into sections of hollow cylindrical covering, the aforesaid individual segmental' units being heldtogether between anouter and an inner stiEening-shell of suitable i non-conducting' material by cement, paste,

glue, or silicate of soda, :andthe sections of hollow cylindrical covering thus produced being further connected one Witli another byv anoutsie sheath of suitable cloth or like fabric adaptedto hinge and connect one such section with another-,so as to faeilitatethe application of the Whole to the pipe sought to be covered and protected. Preferably theV aforesaid segmental units are each of the largest possible size consistent with 'their economical manufacture, in pliable paper or felt materials, and with the required rigidity of the finished product, and preferablythe said segmental units' being morevor less tubular in form' are as far as practicable arin position.

'such-'as mineral wool, silica fiber, asbestos yservice may require.

ranged to break joint lwithone another longi- Serial No. 13,829. (No model.) I'

tudinaiiy, so as to attainthe makirnuln rigidity for the assembled whole. My invention also consists in the combinai tion,\vith the loregoing,of suitable extensions or flaps of one` or more layers of the inner shell of each section of hollow cylindrical covering adaptedto fold over either edge of such section and be cemented down beneath the outside sheath above named,and to thus fin- `is'h the edges of each section, in a clean and and proportion therein appearing. Figure 1 is a perspective view of a com-plete covering of but one layerof segmental unit-s appiiedto api'pe, but with sufficient part of the outside sheath and outer shell removed lo-show the segmental non-conducting'units.- Fig.' 2 is a longitudinal section through line :1; on Fig. Liand Fig.` 3 is a transverse `section through line y y on Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is oneof the Asegmental nonconduct ing units with sealed ends. Fig; 4b is the same' with open ends,'aud.Fig. 4c is the latter seg-v tive and transversely-sectional view of an entire portion of complete covering laid open ready for application to the pipe to be protected. f

Like letters of referenceindicate like parts in all the figures;

l `A A A are segmentalV units, each'constituting either a sealed dead-air space or'a more or less openv circulative air-space or a compact receptaclel for non-conducting filling B,

berfor suchother non-conductingor insulating materials, as Apeculiar lconditionsof C is the inner shell in one or more layers,A fitted to the curvature of vthe pipefto be covment-'al unit as it appears filled with anonconducting material'instead of simply constituting anairspace- Fig. lisa perspecthe free edges of the sections of covering,

and cemented over the outer shell E and under the outside sheath F, and adapted to tinish such edges, as before described. 'llie outside sheath F is of cloth or like fabric and is adapted by the hinge connection G and the overlap H to attach together the sections of hollow cylindrical covering and facilitate the application of the whole to the pipe K sought to be covered and protected.

All theaforesaid parts are secured to each other in their assembled form by silicate of soda, paste, glue, or other suitable cement.

In prior devices in this art air spaces or receptacles for insulating filling materials have been formed in various manners by means of fiuted, indented, channeled, or corrugated paper or cloth fabrics and by means of va-.

rionsly built-np chambers, and also insulating materials have been variously woven or molded into compact sections or masses adapted to form non-conducting coverings; butin no instance has a removable sectional covering been formed of multiple separate and tion of ordinary high and low temperature pipes conformed to the curvature of the pipe and adapted to constitute individual sealed dead-air spaces or open circulative air spaces or receptacles for insulating filling materials.

Airspace properly confined is well known to be the nearest possible approach to perfect heat insulation, and bymy construction it is possible to economically manufacture a nonconducting covering forordiuary high and low temperature pipes in which there is the requisite rigidity and at the same time the largest possible 'amount of inelosed air-space in proportion to the thickness of the whole covering, together with means of applying the covering to such pipes in an effective and work manlike manner.

Air-chambers built of brick, terra-cotta, and other plastic materials have been used for insulating large cylindrical surfaces, such as boilers, but such devices are wholly impractical t'or ordinary pipes, such as steam and hot or cold water pipes, which require a removable envelop of strictly pliable and not plastic or friable material. In some instances, such as the covering of certain high-temperature pipes, it is essential that the insulatingair, though confined laterally, shall have somewhat free circulation longitudinally in the direction of chimney-conduits to the outer atmosphere, and in such instances the seal-4 ing of the ends of the tubular segmental units is conveniently omitted. As combination receptacles for air and insulating filling materials the individual segmental units of pliable paper or felt materials have the coininercially-im portant feature of being adapted to the consumption of the short-fiber domestic asbestos that is found in great quantities within the United States, but that cannot be successfully woven into fabric or molded Yinto rigid masses, as can the much more costly long-fiber foreign asbestos. The individual segmental units are readily filled with this short-liber material, and I thus utilize it to form a rigid and permanent non-conducting pi pe-covering,whereas the pipe-coverin gs now manufactured withmolded masses of the said short-fiber material soon deteriorate and fall to pieces under their own weight. Further, in lall adaptations of the individual segmental units it is an important consideration that the puncture or breakage of one or more units canvaffect only the particular units so injured, and, again, the close contact of the walls of adjacent units constitutes a keystone-arch construction that gives special rigidity and resistance.

The preferable construction of overlapping the edges of each section of covering with the extensions from the inner shell supplies an especiallyelfective finish and strengthening for each section and lessens the liability to injury through careless handling in applying the covering to the pipe to be protected.

Having thus described my invention, and set forth certain of the advantages thereof, I now claiml. In a non-conducting pipe-covering, in combination, multiple separate and individual tubular segmental units of pliable paper or feltmaterials, conformed to the general curvature of the pipe and constituting separable insulation-chan1bers, and means for binding the said segmental units into rigid sections of covering to sheath the pipe substantially as specified.

2. In a non-conducting pipe-covering, in combination, multiple separate and individual tubular segmental units of pliable paper or felt materials, conformed to the general curvature of the pipe and constituting separablc insulation-chambers, and inner and outer shells, properly cemented with said seg mental units and binding said units into rigid sections of covering to sheath the pipe, substantially as specilied.

3. In a non-conducting pipe-covering, in combination, multiple separate and individual tubular segmental units of pliable paper o'r felt materials, conformed to the general curvature of the pipe and constituting separable insulation -chambers, and inner and outer shells, properly cemented with said segmental units and binding said units into rigid sections of covering, and an outside sheath of fabric holding said rigid sections together and facilitating their application to the pipe, substantially as specified.

IOO

4. In a -nonconductingf pipe-covering, .in v combination, multiple separate and individf nl felt materials, conformed. to the general tubular segmental units of pliable paper curvature of the pipe and constituting separable insulation-chambers, and .inner and outer shells, properly cemented with said seg' ment-al units and binding said units into rigid sections of covering to sheath the pipe, and

extensions or fiaps from the inner shell folded over and finishing the edges of thevsaid rigid sections, substantially as specified.

.v In a non-conducting pipe-covering, in. combination, multiple separate and individx5 ual tubular segmental units of pliable paper folded over and finishing the edges of the said v rigid sections, substantially as specified. l

ANDREW J. HEWLINGS. Witnesses: v

` HENRY LOVE CLARKE,

WARNER WHIPPLE. 

